Bangkok: A recent report from the AIDS and Infectious Diseases Research Center highlights a continuous rise in infections of HIV, syphilis, gonorrhea, and non-gonorrhea, particularly among teenagers and in tourist-heavy areas. Deputy Director Assoc. Prof. Dr. Opas Phutcharoen emphasizes increased vigilance in these locations.
According to Thai News Agency, the spread of HIV and sexually transmitted diseases has been on a noticeable rise over the past two years, with special concern for younger age groups. Teenagers aged 20-25 years represent 13% of new cases, while half of the infections among those aged 40 and above occur in men who have sex with men (MSM). Many individuals are simultaneously infected with HIV and other STDs such as syphilis and gonorrhea. Contributing factors to this surge include lack of self-control, unprotected sex, insufficient knowledge about protection methods, limited access to screening services, and drug use that increases sexual activity.
The report also notes an alarming trend in syphilis infections, particularly among pregnant women, which can result in congenital syphilis in newborns, potentially leading to disabilities. Moreover, many STD cases remain undetected as 30-40% of infected individuals show no symptoms, facilitating easy transmission. However, those with symptoms, which occur in 50-60% of cases, experience cloudy urine, painful urination, urethral discharge, and vaginal discharge in women for gonorrhea and non-gonococcal urethritis. Syphilis symptoms include fever, rash, and hair loss.
Dr. Opas underscores the importance of immediate screening and treatment for symptomatic individuals or those at risk to prevent further transmission. He advocates for safe sex practices, including condom use, medication, and vaccinations before engaging in risky activities. Special caution is advised in large cities with substantial tourist traffic, student populations, and areas hosting significant events.
Statistics from an anonymous clinic reveal that in the past six months, 11,323 screenings for syphilis resulted in 940 infections, while gonorrhea screenings totaled 2,500 with 473 infections, and non-gonococcal urethritis screenings numbered 2,154 with 245 infections. HIV infections reported 441 new cases, predominantly in the 30-40 age group with 99 cases, followed by 88 in the 25-29 age group, 63 in the 35-39 age group, 56 in the 20-24 age group, and 8 in the 15-19 age group. The 20-39 age bracket accounts for 70% of all new HIV infections, signaling a critical area for public health focus.